Quelles sont les nouvelles règles VAMP de Visa ? Guide 2026 à l'intention des commerçants

Visa's VAMP replaced the separate VDMP and VFMP programs with one fraud and dispute ratio and, since April 1, 2026, flags merchants at 1.5% with 1,500 or more events a month; this page covers what changed, who is affected and what merchants do differently, and the full Visa Acquirer Monitoring Program guide holds the complete thresholds, fees and timeline.

What Changed From VDMP and VFMP to VAMP

Visa retired the Visa Dispute Monitoring Program (VDMP) and the Visa Fraud Monitoring Program (VFMP) when VAMP took effect on April 1, 2025. Visa's fact sheet describes VAMP as consolidating the existing VAMP, VFMP and VDMP into a single global program.

Question 1 : Quels seront les seuils VAMP applicables aux commerçants et aux acquéreurs en 2026 ?

Answer: The merchant Excessive threshold is 1.5% (150 bps) with at least 1,500 counted events a month, effective April 1, 2026 in Asia Pacific, Canada, the EU and the US. Latin America and the Caribbean were already at 1.5%, and CEMEA keeps 2.2% with 150 events and USD 75,000. Acquirers face much tighter lines:

Visa began enforcing the Excessive level on October 1, 2025, when the merchant threshold was still 2.2% in most regions. Region-by-region conditions, fee amounts and the full enforcement timeline are in the full program guide. Check the exact figures in Visa's VAMP fact sheet or the Visa VAMP program overview.

Question 2 : Comment puis-je calculer mon taux de litiges selon les règles du programme VAMP ?

Réponse : Visa utilise la formule suivante :

Taux VAMP = (Total des fraudes (TC40) + Total des litiges non liés à la fraude (TC15)) ÷ nombre total de transactions réglées

Cela comprend :

• TC40 (signalements de fraude)
• TC15 (non-fraud disputes, such as friendly fraud, delivery issues and unclear billing)

A dispute stays in the count even after it is resolved: Stripe's monitoring program documentation notes that programs ignore dispute outcomes and refunds, and a transaction that appears in both the TC40 and TC15 reports is counted twice. Response windows decide whether you can resolve a case before it is reported (see the chargeback calendar for deadlines).

Exclusions: Visa excludes disputes resolved through pre-dispute solutions and TC40 fraud that qualifies for Compelling Evidence 3.0, depending on timing. Confirm with your acquirer how it treats Rapid Dispute Resolution outcomes. For how dispute evidence is prepared, see the guide to chargeback evidence generation.

Example: 10 TC40s or TC15s in a month on 5,000 Visa transactions is 10 ÷ 5,000 = 0.2%.

The merchant Excessive line is 1.5%, but aim well below 0.5%, since each payment service provider may set stricter internal expectations.

Question 3 : J’ai entendu dire que Visa ne signalait que les commerçants enregistrant plus de 1 500 litiges par mois. J’en ai à peine 100, alors pourquoi devrais-je m’en soucier ?

Answer: The 1,500-event count is part of the merchant Excessive test, which needs the ratio and the count together (CEMEA uses 150 events and USD 75,000). At 100 events a month you are below that test, but your events still feed your acquirer's portfolio ratio, and processors can apply lower triggers of their own. Stripe's documentation, for example, lists a non-compliant level at a 0.5% ratio and 5 events.

Mastercard chargeback rules are tougher on count. The Excessive Chargeback Merchant program can flag merchants with as few as 100 chargebacks and a 1.5% ratio. For the Visa and Mastercard limits side by side, see chargeback thresholds. Mastercard plans to move ECM under its new Global Merchant Audit Program (GMAP) from April 1, 2027.

Question n° 4 : Si je ne dépasse pas les limites fixées par Visa, pourquoi mon ratio a-t-il quand même de l'importance ?

Answer: Because VAMP holds acquirers accountable for their whole portfolio at 0.5% and 0.7%, far below the merchant line. If your ratio is high enough to matter, you could:

• Contribuer à ce que votre acquéreur dépasse son seuil
• Entraîner des amendes ou des contrôles pour votre prestataire
• Get flagged, fined or dropped so the acquirer can protect its portfolio

The old programs enrolled you only after you crossed your own line. Under VAMP the first signal can be a notice from your processor, because its internal thresholds are usually stricter and not shared with merchants. Here is how the same month reads under each measure, using illustrative numbers:

The fraud reports that never became disputes are what move the result. Merchants on Stripe can see their standing in a VAMP dashboard; on Shopify and other platforms, ask the payments provider which statement descriptors and which month Visa is reporting.

Question n° 5 : Mon prestataire de services de paiement peut-il prendre des mesures même si Visa ne le fait pas ?

Answer: Yes, and they often will. If your chargebacks or fraud alerts raise red flags, your processor may:

• vous facturer des frais de litige ou de risque plus élevés
• Ajoutez votre compte à une liste de surveillance
• Exigez un plan d'atténuation
• Dans les cas extrêmes, résiliez votre compte sans attendre la décision de Visa

Acquirer terms can sit well below Visa's. Trust Payments' merchant guidance lists a 0.9% ratio from January 1, 2026 and a $10 fee per counted fraud or dispute event, so read your own processing agreement before relying on Visa's published numbers.

Question 6 : Comment passer inaperçu et protéger mon entreprise ?

Answer: Merchants who adapted to VAMP changed these habits:

1. Track one combined ratio. Measure TC40s plus TC15s divided by total Visa sales each month, not chargebacks alone, and stay well under 0.5%. See the chargeback ratio guide for the basics.
2. Count fraud reports, not just disputes. A TC40 counts even when you refund the order, so look for spikes from certain products, customer regions or shipping issues.
3. Strengthen ecommerce fraud prevention. Use 3DS, velocity checks and device fingerprinting.
4. Remove billing confusion. Clear billing descriptors, detailed receipts and straightforward refund policies prevent non-fraud disputes.
5. Resolve cases before they are counted. Pre-dispute alerts and refunds can keep an event out of the ratio when they land in time.

Question 7 : Quels changements ont eu lieu lorsque le programme VAMP est passé d'un rôle consultatif à un rôle d'application à part entière ?

Réponse : Le déploiement de VAMP s'est fait par étapes :

• Advisory period (April 1 to September 30, 2025): Visa notified merchants and acquirers that breached thresholds but did not assess penalties. Acquirers could already act preemptively.
• Enforcement (October 1, 2025 onward): Visa began enforcing the Excessive level, with the merchant threshold at 2.2% in most regions.
• Tightened threshold (April 1, 2026): The merchant Excessive ratio dropped from 2.2% to 1.5% in Asia Pacific, Canada, the EU and the US, pulling more merchants into scope on the same dispute volume.

The grace period is over: a ratio that is too high today exposes you to fines and restrictions now.

Question 8 : Les achats effectués par des agents d'achat basés sur l'IA sont-ils pris en compte dans le calcul de mon ratio VAMP ?

Answer: Visa's fact sheet counts every TC40 fraud report and TC15 dispute against settled transactions and makes no carve-out for who placed the order, so a disputed order from an autonomous shopping agent lands on your ratio like any manual purchase. Who bears liability for an unauthorized agent purchase is a separate question; see AI agent chargeback liability, especially if your evidence workflows are not built for agent-initiated orders yet.

How Chargeflow Reduces VAMP-Counted Events

Chargeflow Alerts processes Verifi RDR, Ethoca and Chargeflow network chargeback alerts and refunds matching transactions automatically, so a case can be resolved before it becomes a chargeback, subject to Visa's timing rules. Chargeflow Prevent scans every order after checkout and before fulfillment, so risky orders are caught before they ship and turn into TC40s or disputes.

See it on your own data: book a Chargeflow demo or start for free.